Solar panel | Solar panel serve as components that change sunlight to electricity using PV cells. These are an green and alternative energy source, reducing reliance on non-renewable energy. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panel |
Solar thermal collector | A solar energy collector is a system that captures sunlight to convert heat, generally used for water heating or room heating applications. It successfully converts solar energy into thermal energy, reducing reliance on conventional energy sources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_collector |
Solar thermal energy | Solar heat harnesses sunlight to generate heat, which can be used for hot water production, indoor heating, or electricity generation. It is a sustainable and eco-friendly technology that reduces fossil fuel consumption and lowers greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_energy |
Worthing | Worthing is a beautiful seaside town in the county of West Sussex, England, known for its historic pier and vibrant promenade. It offers a charming blend of sandy beaches, cultural attractions, and outdoor activities perfect for visitors and residents alike. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worthing |
England | The country of England is a historic and historic-influenced nation in the United Kingdom known for its rich cultural legacy, famous sights, and lively cities like London. It boasts a diverse landscape of undulating terrain, historic forts, and busy metropolitan areas that mix heritage with modern developments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/England |
Sunlight | Solar light is the environmental light emitted by the star, vital for living organisms on Earth as it provides power for photosynthesis and affects climate and weather patterns. It also contributes to our well-being by synchronizing our circadian rhythms and enhancing vitamin D production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight |
Electricity | Electromagnetic energy is a kind of energy resulting from the motion of ions, primarily electrons. It powers innumerable systems and systems, supporting contemporary living and tech innovations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity |
Photovoltaic | Solar technology converts sunlight directly into electricity using photovoltaic panels composed of semi-conductor materials. It is a sustainable energy source that reduces reliance on non-renewable fuels and helps mitigate ecological footprint. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic |
Electrons | Electrons are fundamental particles with a negative electric charge that circulate around the nucleus of an atom, crucial in in chemical reactions and electricity. Their behavior and interactions influence the electrical conductivity and chemical properties of elements. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrons |
Direct current | DC is the single-direction movement of electric charge, typically produced by batteries, power sources, and photovoltaic cells. It provides a steady voltage or current, making it crucial for electronic devices and low-voltage applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current |
Battery (electricity) | A cell is a instrument that accumulates chemical energy and converts it into electrical energy to operate various electronic gadgets. It consists of one or more electrochemical cells, each comprising positive and negative electrodes divided by an electrolyte. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_(electricity) |
Photovoltaic system | A solar power system converts sunlight immediately into electricity using solar panels composed of semiconductor cells. It is an eco-friendly energy option that reduces reliance on non-renewable energy sources and promotes sustainable power generation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_system |
Solar inverter | A solar power converter is a device that changes direct current (DC) generated by solar panels into alternating current (AC) fit for domestic use and utility connection. It is vital for enhancing energy performance and ensuring secure, consistent power output from solar energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_inverter |
Alternating current | AC is an electric current that flips direction cyclically, usually used in residential and commercial power supplies. It allows for optimal transmission of electricity over long distances and is defined by its voltage and current waveforms, typically sinusoidal. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_current |
Charge controller | A charge controller is a device that regulates the voltage level and electric current coming from a solar panel to avoid batteries from overcharging and damage. It provides efficient energy transfer and prolongs the lifespan of the battery system. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_controller |
Measuring instrument | A survey tool is a instrument used to measure the dimension, volume, or degree of something accurately. It includes instruments like rulers, thermometers, and pressure gauges that provide precise readings for various applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measuring_instrument |
Solar tracker | An solar tracker is a mechanism that instantaneously its orientation of solar panels to monitor the sun's movement across the day, maximizing energy absorption. This technology boosts the efficiency of solar power systems by ensuring best sun exposure. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracker |
Solar farms | Photovoltaic installations are massive plants that capture sunlight to create electricity using many solar panels. They offer a renewable and sustainable energy source, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and lowering carbon emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_farms |
Rooftop solar power | Solar power from rooftops involves placing photovoltaic cells on building roofs to create electricity from sunlight. This sustainable energy source helps reduce reliance on fossil fuels and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_power |
Grid-connected photovoltaic system | An grid-connected solar power system transforms sunlight into electricity and feeds excess power directly into the utility grid, providing a renewable energy solution. It improves energy efficiency and reduces reliance on fossil fuels while enabling users to benefit from potential energy credits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid-connected_photovoltaic_system |
Greenhouse gas emissions | Greenhouse gas emissions refer to the release of gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide into the atmosphere, primarily from human activities like fossil fuel combustion and tree clearing. These gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, contributing to global warming and climate change. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions |
Solar power satellite | A solar energy satellite is an orbiting platform equipped with solar arrays that gather solar radiation and generate power. This energy is then sent wirelessly to our planet for application as an eco-friendly power supply. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_satellite |
Home energy storage | Home power storage systems store excess electricity generated from green sources or the grid for future use, boosting energy self-sufficiency and effectiveness. These installations generally use batteries to offer backup energy, cut down energy expenses, and aid grid reliability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_energy_storage |
Timeline of solar cells | The chronology of photovoltaic cells documents the development and innovations in solar power tech from the beginning invention of the photovoltaic effect to current high-performance photovoltaic modules. It features significant innovations, including the development of the initial silicon photovoltaic cell in 1954 and ongoing advances that have significantly boosted energy conversion and cost-effectiveness. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_solar_cells |
Edmond Becquerel | Edmond Becquerel was a French-born physicist noted for his innovative work in the study of the photoelectric effect and glow. His tests laid the foundation for understanding how light interacts with particular materials to generate electricity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmond_Becquerel |
Willoughby Smith | Smith was a UK electrical engineer and scientist known for finding out the photo-conductive property of selenium in 1873. His work laid the foundation for the creation of the photoconductive cell and advancements in initial photography and electronic technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willoughby_Smith |
Selenium | The Selenium framework is an free platform used for automated testing of web browsers, allowing testers to simulate user interactions and test web application functionalities. It supports various programming languages and browsers, making it a flexible tool for automated. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium |
William Grylls Adams | William Grylls Adams was a British scientist renowned for his pioneering work in the study of luminescence and optics, particularly the discovery of the polarization effect of luminescence reflected from clear materials. His research significantly contributed to the understanding of electromagnetic waves and the development of optical science. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Grylls_Adams |
Charles Fritts | Charles Fritts was indeed an American inventor who invented the first working selenium solar cell in 1883. His innovative work set the foundation for the modern photovoltaic industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Fritts |
Coal-fired power plant | An coal-fired power plant generates electricity by combusting coal to produce steam that rotates turbines connected to generators. This process releases significant amounts of carbon dioxide and other pollutants into the atmosphere. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal-fired_power_plant |
Russell Ohl | Russell Ohl was an United States scientist credited with identifying the solar cell and enhancing the understanding of semiconductor materials. His work formed the basis of modern solar power technology and the development of silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Ohl |
Bell Labs | Bell Laboratories is a prestigious R&D organization historically associated with AT&T, known for groundbreaking innovations in telecommunications, computer science, and materials research. It has been the source of many groundbreaking inventions, including the transistor and the laser. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Labs |
Silicon | Silicon is a element with the symbol Si and number 14, widely known for its essential role in the fabrication of electronic components and solar cells. It is a hard, fragile solid solid with a steel-gray shine, primarily used as a semiconductor in the technology sector. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon |
Micro-inverter | A compact inverter is a small component installed on each solar module to convert direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) locally. This method improves system performance, enables improved performance oversight, and boosts energy yield in solar energy setups. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro-inverter |
Solar cell | A photovoltaic cell is a unit that converts sunlight straight into electricity through the photoelectric effect. It is commonly used in photovoltaic systems to supply a green and renewable energy resource. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell |
PV system | An PV (photovoltaic) system converts sunlight immediately into electricity using solar panels composed of semiconductor cells. It is a green energy technology that offers eco-friendly power for residential, commercial, and utility-scale applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PV_system |
Photon | A photon is a basic particle representing a packet of light as well as other electromagnetic radiation, carrying with it energy and momentum and energy without having rest mass. It has a key role in the connections between matter and electromagnetic fields, allowing phenomena such as reflection, refraction, and quantum communication. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon |
Photovoltaic effect | The PV effect is the process by which particular compounds convert sunlight directly into electricity through the generation of electron-hole pairs. This event is the basic principle behind solar panel systems, allowing the harnessing of solar energy for electricity production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_effect |
Wafer (electronics) | A wafer in electrical engineering is a fine slice of chip material, typically silicon, used as the substrate for manufacturing integrated circuits. It serves as the primary platform where microprocessors are built through processes like doping, etching, and coating. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafer_(electronics) |
Crystalline silicon | Crystalline silicon is a super pure form of silicon used primarily in the manufacturing of photovoltaic cells and electronic components due to its superb semiconductor properties. Its structured, systematic crystal lattice enables optimal electrical conductivity and energy conversion. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalline_silicon |
Thin film solar cell | Thin film solar cells are a type of photovoltaic technology characterized by their light, flexible design, and ability to be fabricated over extensive surfaces at a more affordable price. They use strata of semiconductor substances a few micrometers thick to convert sunlight into electricity efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film_solar_cell |
Dead and live loads | Dead loads refer to the permanent forces exerted by the weight of building components and fixed equipment, while live loads are movable forces such as occupants, furnishings, and external influences. Both are important considerations in engineering design to ensure safety and stability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_and_live_loads |
Series and parallel circuits | Series circuits link components in a line, so the same current flows through all devices, while parallel circuits link components across the identical voltage source, permitting multiple paths for current. These configurations influence the circuit's total resistance, current spread, and voltage drops. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_and_parallel_circuits |
Electric power | Electrical energy refers to the rate at which electric power flows by an electrical circuit, primarily for running devices and appliances. Produced through diverse origins such as fossil fuels, nuclear power, and green energy, and is essential for contemporary living. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power |
Watt | A measure of power is a standard of energy conversion in the International System of Units, showing the measure of energy transfer or transformation. It is the same as one joule per second. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt |
Voltage | Voltage is the electric voltage difference between two points, which drives the flow of electronic current in a circuit. It is measured in volts and represents the power per single charge ready to transport electrons. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage |
Volt | A electromotive force is the base unit of electric potential, electric potential difference, and voltage in the International System of Units. It measures the electric energy per coulomb between two points in an electrical network. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt |
Electric current | Electric flow is the passage of electric charge through a conductor, typically measured in A. It is necessary for powering electronic gadgets and enabling the operation of electronic circuits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current |
Ampere | Amp represents the unit of electric current in the SI units, represented by A. It quantifies the movement of electrical charge through a wire over a period of time. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere |
Electrical load | Electrical load refers to the amount of electrical power or current demanded by appliances and Electrical load in a circuit. It influences the design and power of power systems to guarantee safe and optimized energy distribution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_load |
Junction box | A junction box is an electrical housing used to protect wire connections, providing a core for wiring in electrical systems. It ensures neat and reliable connections, preventing electrical hazards and facilitating maintenance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junction_box |
MC4 connector | The MC4 is a standardized photovoltaic connector used to link solar panels in a reliable and dependable manner. It features a click-in design with waterproof sealing, guaranteeing durability and effective electrical connection in outdoor solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MC4_connector |
USB power | USB power provides a simple and uniform method of providing electrical energy to devices through standard ports. It is frequently used for powering and feeding a broad range of electronic gadgets, from smartphones to peripherals. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_power |
Power inverter | A power converter is a unit that changes DC from sources like accumulators or photovoltaic arrays into AC suitable for household appliances. It enables the use of standard electrical devices in settings where only DC energy is available. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_inverter |
Battery pack | A battery pack is an collection of several individual batteries designed to store and supply electrical energy for various devices. It provides portable power solutions for electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_pack |
Solar tracking | Sun tracking devices automatically align the orientation of photovoltaic panels to follow the sun’s path throughout the daytime, optimizing power intake. This system increases the performance of solar power gathering by maintaining ideal solar array alignment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracking |
Maximum power point tracking | Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a technique used to enhance the power generation of photovoltaic systems by constantly tuning the performance point to correspond to the peak power point of the solar panels. This methodology ensures the highest efficiency energy extraction, especially under varying environmental conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_power_point_tracking |
Power optimizer | An power optimizer functions as a device used in solar energy systems to optimize energy output by individually improving the performance of each solar panel. It enhances overall system efficiency by cutting down on energy loss caused by shading, dirt, or panel mismatch. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_optimizer |
Solar performance monitor | A solar performance monitor is a tool that observes and examines the performance of photovoltaic panel systems in real-time, offering useful data on power output and system condition. It assists optimize solar power output by detecting faults early and guaranteeing highest efficiency. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_performance_monitor |
Thin-film solar cell | Thin-film solar cells are flexible, multi-purpose photovoltaic devices made by depositing thin layers of semiconductor materials onto substrates. They offer a cost-effective and multi-functional alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels, with applications in multiple portable and building-integrated energy solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_solar_cell |
Solar cells | Photovoltaic cells convert sun rays directly into electricity through the photovoltaic effect, making them a sustainable energy source. They are typically used in photovoltaic modules to generate electricity for homes, devices, and entire solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cells |
Polycrystalline silicon | Polycrystalline silicon, also known as polysilicon, is a substance composed of numerous small silicon crystals, typically used in solar modules and microchip production. Its creation involves melting and reforming silicon to generate a ultra-pure, polycrystalline structure appropriate for electronic components. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycrystalline_silicon |
Monocrystalline silicon | Mono silicon is a ultra-pure type of silicon with a continuous crystal framework, making it extremely capable for use in photovoltaic modules and electronic components. Its homogeneous formation allows for better electron transfer, resulting in higher efficiency compared to alternative silicon forms. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocrystalline_silicon |
Cadmium telluride photovoltaics | Cadmium telluride photovoltaics constitute a kind of film solar method that offers a affordable and efficient option for large-scale solar energy production. They are their great absorption efficiency and comparatively reduced manufacturing costs versus traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride_photovoltaics |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cell | Copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cells are thin-film photovoltaic devices that utilize a composite material of Cu, indium, gallium, and Se to turn sunlight into energy efficiently. They are known for their great absorption efficiency, bendability, and possibility for compact, affordable solar energy solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cell |
Amorphous silicon | Non-crystalline silicon is a disordered atomic configuration, making it more flexible and more straightforward to layer than crystalline silicon. It is often used in thin-film solar cells and electronic components due to its economic advantage and adaptable properties. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_silicon |
Third-generation photovoltaic cell | Advanced-generation photovoltaic panels aim to surpass traditional solar cell efficiencies by utilizing cutting-edge materials and new techniques such as multi-junction stacks, quantum dots, and organic-inorganic hybrids. These technologies focus on enhancing energy conversion, lowering costs, and expanding applicability to various environments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third-generation_photovoltaic_cell |
Multi-junction solar cell | Multi-structured solar cells are innovative photovoltaic devices that employ several p-n connections arranged in unison to absorb a wider range of the solar spectrum, greatly enhancing their efficiency. They are primarily applied in space satellites and advanced solar power installations due to their excellent energy transformation capabilities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-junction_solar_cell |
Solar panels on spacecraft | Spacecraft solar panels are essential devices that convert solar radiation into electricity to power onboard equipment. Usually lightweight, durable, and crafted to function effectively in the extreme space conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panels_on_spacecraft |
Compound semiconductor | Compound semiconductors are substances composed of multiple elements, typically involving a metal component and a non-metallic element, used in high-speed electronic and optoelectronic devices. They offer better performance in applications such as laser devices, light-emitting diodes, and high-frequency switching devices compared to traditional silicon-based semiconductors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_semiconductor |
Gallium arsenide | GaAs is a compound-based semiconductor recognized for its excellent electron mobility and efficiency in high-frequency and optoelectronic applications. It is commonly used in components such as microwave circuits, infrared LEDs, and solar cells. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium_arsenide |
Concentrator photovoltaics | Concentrator photovoltaics employ optics or reflectors to focus sunlight onto highly efficient multi-junction solar cells, greatly enhancing energy transformation efficiency. This approach is perfect for large-scale solar power plants in areas with sunny sunlight, delivering a affordable option for high-demand energy needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrator_photovoltaics |
Thin-film silicon | Flexible silicon is a type of photovoltaic material used in solar cells, characterized by its lightweight and bendable form factor. It offers a cost-effective alternative to traditional silicon wafers, with applications in building-integrated photovoltaics and portable energy devices. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_silicon |
CIGS solar cell | CIGS photovoltaic cell utilize a ultra-thin layer of CIGS compound as the solar semiconductor, known for excellent energy conversion and flexibility. They offer a lightweight, budget-friendly alternative to standard silicon solar arrays with excellent performance in diverse climates. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIGS_solar_cell |
Thin-film | Thin-film refers to a slender layer of material, often measured in nm or micrometers, used in diverse technological applications. These layers are important in electronic systems, optics, and coatings for their particular physical and chemical characteristics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film |
Rooftop solar PV | Roof-mounted solar PV systems harness the sun's rays to generate electricity directly on structure roofs, providing a sustainable and cost-effective energy solution. They help decrease use of fossil fuels, lower electricity bills, and contribute to eco-preservation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_PV |
Thin film | A thin film is a stratum of compound spanning a few nanometers to multiple micrometers in depth, often placed on surfaces for functional purposes. These layers are used in multiple sectors, including electronic devices, optical technologies, and healthcare, to alter surface properties or engineer certain device functions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film |
Nanometers | Nanometric units are units of measurement equivalent to one-billionth of a meter, often utilized to depict extremely small distances at the atomic and molecular scale. They are crucial in fields like nanotechnology, physics, and chemistry for determining structures and particles at the nano dimension. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanometers |
Micrometers | Measuring tools are precision devices used to accurately measure minute thicknesses or thicknesses, generally in machining and production. They feature a scaled screw device that allows for exact readings, often down to thousandths of an inch or hundredths of a millimeter. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometers |
Silicon wafer | A silicon wafer is a narrow, circular slice of silicon crystal used as the platform for manufacturing semiconductor devices. It acts as the primary material in the creation of semiconductor chips and electronic components. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_wafer |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cells | Copper indium gallium selenide-based solar panels are compact solar units famous for their superior output and flexibility, perfect for diverse applications. They employ a multilayer layered semiconductor setup that converts sunlight immediately into power with outstanding effectiveness in low-light conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cells |
Multi-crystalline silicon | Polycrystalline silicon is a type of silicon used in solar panels, characterized by its several crystal grains that give it a mottled appearance. It is known for being economical and having a moderately high efficiency in transforming sunlight into power. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-crystalline_silicon |
Solar PV systems | Photovoltaic systems convert sun rays directly into energy using solar panels, offering a sustainable energy source for household, business, and grid applications. They deliver a environmentally friendly, sustainable, and cost-effective way to cut down reliance on non-renewable energy sources and decrease CO2 emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_PV_systems |
Perovskite solar cell | Perovskite solar cell are a type of photovoltaic technology that use perovskite-structured compounds as the light-harvesting layer, known for their high efficiency and low-cost manufacturing. These cell have rapidly advanced in performance, making them a promising alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perovskite_solar_cell |
Dye-sensitized solar cell | A photo-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) is a light-to-electricity device that transforms sunlight into electricity using a light-sensitive dye to capture light and produce electron flow. It offers a affordable and flexible alternative to conventional silicon-based solar cells, with possibility for see-through and thin applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye-sensitized_solar_cell |
Quantum dot solar cell | Quantum dot solar cell cells utilize nanos semiconductor particles to enhance light absorption and conversion efficiency through quantum size effects. This approach offers the possibility for cost-effective, bendable, and superior solar energy harvesting solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_dot_solar_cell |
Organic solar cell | Organic photovoltaic devices are photoelectric devices that employ carbon-based molecules, to transform solar radiation into electric power. They are lightweight, flexible, and provide lower-cost, broad solar energy applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_solar_cell |
CZTS | CZTS Cu) Zinc Tin Sulfide is a advantageous semiconductor compound used in laminate solar cells due to its earth-abundant and safe elements. Its excellent optoelectronic properties make it an desirable substitute for green photovoltaic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CZTS |
Building integrated photovoltaics | Building integrated photovoltaics solar-integrated building systems seamlessly incorporate solar energy technology into the design of building materials, such as roof surfaces, facades, and glazing. This modern approach enhances energy performance while maintaining visual attractiveness and building integrity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_integrated_photovoltaics |
Transparency and translucency | Transparency permits light to pass through a material bearing minimal distortion, rendering objects behind easily seen. Translucency allows light to spread through, making detailed visibility obscured but still allowing shapes and light to penetrate. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucency |
Window tinting | Window tinting involves the process of applying a light film to the interior or exterior of automobiles or edifices glazing to block glare, heat, and ultraviolet rays. It improves privacy, enhances energy efficiency, and gives a sleek aesthetic to any window. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window_tinting |
List of photovoltaic power stations | A catalog of photovoltaic power stations information various extensive solar energy installations around the planet, highlighting their output and positions. These stations play a vital role in renewable energy generation and global efforts to reduce carbon pollution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaic_power_stations |
Photovoltaic power stations | Photovoltaic power stations are large-scale installations that turn sunlight directly into electricity using solar panels. They play a vital role in sustainable power creation, lessening dependence on non-renewable energy sources, and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_stations |
Environmental issues | Environmental challenges encompass a wide range of challenges such as waste, global warming, and forest loss that threaten the health of our planet. Addressing these problems requires joint initiatives to promote green approaches and protect natural ecosystems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_issues |
Renewable energy | Green energy comes from environmentally friendly sources that are constantly replenished, such as solar radiation, air currents, and hydropower. It offers a renewable solution to traditional fuels, decreasing ecological footprint and promoting lasting energy security. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy |
Non-renewable energy | Non-sustainable energy resources, such as lignite, oil, and fossil gas, are limited reserves formed over millions of years and are depleted when used. They are the primary power sources for electricity generation and vehicle operation but pose environmental and renewability challenges. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-renewable_energy |
Electricity generation | Electrical energy creation involves converting various energy sources such as fossil fuels, nuclear energy, and sustainable resources into electrical energy. This process usually takes place in power plants where turbines and generators work together to produce electricity for grid delivery. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_generation |
Heavy metals | Heavy metals are dense, toxic elements such as Pb, mercury, metallic cadmium, and As that pose significant health and environmental risks due to their persistence and bioaccumulation. They are commonly found in industrial emissions, contaminated water, and certain consumer products, requiring careful management to prevent adverse effects. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metals |
Solar-cell efficiency | Solar-cell efficiency assesses how well a solar panel transforms sunlight into usable electricity. Boosting this Solar-cell efficiency is essential for optimizing renewable energy output and reducing reliance on non-renewable resources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar-cell_efficiency |
Photoelectric effect | The photoelectric phenomenon occurs when light shining on a metal ejects electronic particles from that surface, demonstrating the particle-like behavior of light. This phenomenon provided key evidence for the development of quantum mechanics by showing that photon energy is quantized. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect |
Accelerated life testing | Rapid life testing involves exposing products to elevated stresses to speedily determine their durability and estimate their lifespan under normal conditions. This method helps find potential failures and enhance product reliability efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_life_testing |
Growth of photovoltaics | The expansion of photovoltaics has quickened rapidly over the past ten-year period, driven by technological advancements and reducing prices. This expansion is revolutionizing the international energy scene by increasing the percentage of sustainable solar power in electricity generation processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_of_photovoltaics |
Utility-scale solar | Utility-scale solar refers to large solar power installations built to generate electricity on a industrial scale, providing power directly to the grid. These installations typically cover extensive areas and utilize solar panels or thermal solar systems to produce renewable energy effectively. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility-scale_solar |
Lens (optics) | A optical element is a transparent component that bending light to bring together or spread out rays, forming images. It is often used in equipment like cameras, glasses, and microscopes to manipulate light for improved vision and imaging. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(optics) |
Angle of incidence (optics) | The angle of incidence is the measure between an approaching light ray and the normal line perpendicular to the surface at the contact point. It determines how light interacts with the surface, affecting reflection and refraction properties. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_incidence_(optics) |
Anti-reflective coating | Anti-glare coating is a coating applied to vision surfaces to reduce glare and improve light transmission. It improves the crispness and luminosity of lenses by minimizing unwanted reflections. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-reflective_coating |
Destructive interference | Destructive interference occurs when a couple of waves meet in a manner that their amplitude levels cancel each other out, resulting in a diminution or complete elimination of the resultant wave. This phenomenon typically happens when these waves are not in phase by 180 degrees. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructive_interference |
Alternating Current | AC refers to a type of electrical flow that periodically reverses, typically used in electrical distribution networks. The electrical potential changes following a sine wave throughout its cycle, allowing effective conveyance over large spans. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_Current |
Microinverter | A individual inverter is a miniature entity used to transform DC from a single solar panel into alternating current (AC) suitable for domestic use. It improves system efficiency by optimizing power output at the module level and simplifies installation and maintenance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microinverter |
AC power | AC electrical energy, or AC electrical energy, is electrical energy delivered through a setup where the voltage level and current cyclically reverse direction, enabling cost-effective transmission over long distances. It is frequently used in households and commercial sectors to operate various appliances and machinery. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC_power |
DC connector | A direct current connector is a type of electrical coupling used to supply direct current (DC) power from a energy source to an electronic equipment. It typically consists of a cylindrical plug and receptacle that ensure a firm and dependable attachment for various electronic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC_connector |
Underwriters Laboratories | Underwriters Laboratories is a international security validation agency that assesses and endorses products to guarantee they comply with specific security requirements. It supports consumers and businesses identify dependable and protected products through rigorous evaluation and examination processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwriters_Laboratories |
Series circuits | Series-connected circuits are electronic circuits in which elements are connected end-to-end, forming a single path for current. In this setup, the same electric current passes through all components, and the sum voltage is divided among them. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_circuits |
Parallel circuits | Parallel circuits are electrical circuits where components are connected between the same voltage source, offering multiple paths for current flow. This setup allows units to operate independently, with the total current split among the branches. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_circuits |
Diode | A diode is a electronic device that allows current to flow in one sense only, functioning as a single-direction valve for electrical current. It is used for rectification, signal demodulation, and voltage regulation in electrical systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode |
Automobile auxiliary power outlet | An car auxiliary power outlet is a port, typically 12 volt, designed to provide electrical energy for various devices and accessories inside of a car. It allows users to charge electronic devices or use small appliances when on the journey. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_auxiliary_power_outlet |
USB | USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a technology for connecting peripheral peripherals to computers, facilitating information exchange and electric power. It accommodates a wide range of devices such as keypads, mouses, external drives, and mobile phones, with various generations offering faster speeds and enhanced performance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB |
Solar cell efficiency | Solar cell efficiency relates to the percentage of sunlight energy that a photovoltaic cell transforms into usable energy. Boosting this efficiency plays a key role in increasing energy production and making solar power more cost-effective and renewable. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell_efficiency |
National Renewable Energy Laboratory | The National Renewable Energy Laboratory is a U.S. DOE national laboratory dedicated to R&D in renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies. It is committed to advancing breakthroughs in solar, wind, biomass energy, and additional renewable sources to support a clean energy future. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Renewable_Energy_Laboratory |
Electromagnetic spectrum | The electromagnetic spectrum encompasses all types of EM radiation, ranging from radio waves to gamma rays, all possessing varied wavelengths and energy levels. This band is fundamental to numerous technological applications and natural events, allowing signal transmission, healthcare imaging, and understanding of the universe. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum |
Ultraviolet | UV light is a type of EM radiation with a wavelength shorter than visible light but longer than X-rays, primarily generated by the sun. It has a important role in processes like vitamin D production but can also lead to skin damage and skin aging caused by light. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet |
Infrared | Infrared radiation is a category of electromagnetic wave with longer wavelengths than visible light, primarily emitted as heat by objects. It is widely used in remote controls, thermal imaging, and various sensing technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared |
Monochromatic | Uniform color refers to a color design based on shades of a sole hue, using different shades, tints, and tones to create harmony and connexion. This layout approach emphasizes minimalism and sophistication by maintaining steady color elements throughout a layout. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochromatic |
Irradiance | Radiance refers to the intensity of electromagnetic radiation per unit area incident on a surface, generally measured in watts/m². It is a important parameter in disciplines including solar energy, climate science, and photobiology, demonstrating the strength of sunlight hitting a particular zone. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irradiance |
W/m2 | watts per square meter is a unit of measurement used to measure the intensity of power or energy flow received or emitted over a defined surface, often in fields like meteorology, astronomy, and engineering. It assists with grasping the spread and conveyance of radiation across areas, such as solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W/m2 |
Spectrum | Spectrum refers to the range of different tones or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, visible or alternatively. It is frequently used to illustrate the distribution of light or signal bandwidths in multiple scientific and technological fields. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum |
Airmass | An air mass is a substantial mass of atmosphere with fairly even temp and dampness properties, originating from certain starting areas. These air masses impact weather systems and atmospheric situations as they move across diverse zones. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airmass |
Solar irradiance | Solar power is the quantification of the intensity per square kilometer received from the Sun in the type of solar rays. It varies with solar phenomena and Earth's atmospheric conditions, influencing climate and local weather. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_irradiance |
Soiling (solar energy) | Dirt buildup in photovoltaic systems refers to the collection of dirt, and impurities on the panels of solar arrays, which decreases their output. Consistent upkeep and maintenance are important to reduce energy waste and guarantee maximum efficiency. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soiling_(solar_energy) |
Open-circuit voltage | Open-circuit voltage is the maximum voltage available from a power source when current flow is absent, taken across its terminals. It indicates the potential difference of a device when it has been disconnected from any load. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-circuit_voltage |
Short-circuit current | Short-circuit current is the peak electrical current that flows through a circuit when a low-resistance connection, or short circuit, takes place, bypassing the normal load. It poses a considerable safety hazard and can result in damage to electrical components if not properly controlled. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short-circuit_current |
Watt-peak | Watt-peak (W_peak) is a measure of the peak power generation of a solar module under optimal sunlight conditions. It reflects the panel's peak ability to create electricity in standard testing environments . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt-peak |
Voltmeter | A Volt meter is an electronic device used to measure the voltage between separate points in a circuit. It is frequently utilized in various electrical and electronic applications to maintain proper voltage levels | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltmeter |
Potential-induced degradation | Potential-induced degradation (PID) is a phenomenon in photovoltaic modules where elevated voltage stress causes a significant reduction in power generation and efficiency. It occurs due to leakage currents and ion movement within the solar cell components, leading to degradation over time. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential-induced_degradation |
Boron | Boron is considered a metalloid chemical element essential for plant growth and applied in various industrial applications, including glassmaking and semiconductor manufacturing. It exhibits distinctive chemical properties that cause it beneficial in producing robust, heat-resistant materials. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron |
Photovoltaic mounting system | A photovoltaic mounting system securely supports solar panels, ensuring perfect tilt and orientation for best sunlight exposure. It is designed to withstand external conditions while providing a robust and long-lasting foundation for solar energy installations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_mounting_system |
Solar power plant | A solar power plant harnesses sunlight using large arrays of photovoltaic solar panels to generate renewable electricity. It provides an environmentally friendly energy source, diminishing reliance on fossil fuels and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_plant |
Agrivoltaics | Agrivoltaics is the combined method of utilizing land for both solar power production and farming, optimizing space and resources. This method boosts crop production while at the same time generating renewable energy, promoting sustainable land use. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrivoltaics |
Bifacial solar cells | Bifacial solar panels are photovoltaic devices designed to harvest sunlight from both their front and rear surfaces, improving overall energy output. They are commonly positioned in a way that enhances performance by leveraging albedo effect and reflected rays from the environment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifacial_solar_cells |
Solar canopy | A solar canopy is a framework that provides shade while generating electricity through built-in solar panels. It is frequently installed in parking lots, walkways, or open spaces to merge environmental benefits with functional design. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_canopy |
Solar array | A solar array is a collection of several solar panels configured to produce electricity from sunlight. It is commonly used in renewable energy systems to deliver clean, renewable power for different applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_array |
Patio cover | A patio cover is a construction that provides shade and shelter from the conditions for exterior areas. It enhances the practicality and visual charm of a patio, making it a pleasant space for rest and entertainment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patio_cover |
Zenith angle | The zenith angle is the angle between the perpendicular line directly overhead and the line of sight to a heavenly body. It is used in astronomy and meteorology to indicate the position of objects in the sky relative to an spectator. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenith_angle |
Azimuth angle | The horizontal bearing is a horizontal angle measured clockwise a reference direction, typically true north, to the line connecting an viewer to a target object. It is frequently used in navigation, land measurement, and astronomy to define the orientation of an target with respect to the observer's position. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuth_angle |
Occupational hazards of solar panel installation | Installing solar panels exposes workers to risks such as falls from heights and electric shocks, requiring proper safety measures. Additionally, exposure to harsh weather conditions and potential muscle strains pose significant Occupational hazards of solar panel installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_hazards_of_solar_panel_installation |
Cadmium telluride | CdTe is a electronic substance commonly employed in thin-film solar panels due to its high efficiency and affordability. It demonstrates excellent optical properties, making it a popular choice for solar applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride |
List of photovoltaics companies | An catalog of photovoltaics companies features the major manufacturers and suppliers focused on solar panel technology and renewable energy solutions across the globe. These companies play a crucial role in advancing solar energy integration and advancement across various markets. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaics_companies |
Gigawatt | A gigawatt is a unit of energy output equal to 1,000,000,000 W, used to quantify large-scale energy production and consumption. It is typically associated with generating stations, national grids, and major power projects worldwide. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigawatt |
First Solar | First Solar Inc is a worldwide leader in solar power solutions, focused on making thin film-based solar cells that offer excellent efficiency and economical power generation. The company is focused on sustainable renewable energy advancement and cutting down the global dependence on fossil fuels through cutting-edge solar solar innovations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Solar |
GCL System Integration Technology | GCL System Integration Technology expertise in seamlessly integrating various parts of factory and automated systems to boost performance and reliability. It aims on building advanced solutions that promote efficient communication and interoperability among diverse technological platforms. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GCL_System_Integration_Technology |
Shunfeng Photovoltaic | Shunfeng Photovoltaic stands as a top China's corporation expert in manufacturing and innovating solar solar products and solutions. Famous for cutting-edge technology and green energy projects within renewable energy sector. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunfeng_Photovoltaic |
GigaWatt | GigaWatt is a measurement of power equal to 1,000,000,000 watts, often employed to indicate the capacity of massive power generation or consumption. It underscores the huge power scale involved in contemporary energy infrastructure and technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GigaWatt |
Experience curve effects | Learning curve effects refer to the effect where the cost per unit of production reduces as cumulative output increases, due to gaining knowledge and optimization achieved over time. This concept highlights the significance of accumulated experience in cutting expenses and enhancing efficiency in production and other processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experience_curve_effects |
Photovoltaics | Photovoltaic systems transform sunlight straight into electricity through semiconductor substances, primarily silicon. This method is a pure, renewable energy source that assists lessen reliance on fossil fuels and decreases greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaics |
Grid parity | Grid parity occurs when the price of producing solar or wind energy becomes the same as or lower than the price of purchasing power from the power grid. Achieving grid parity signifies that green energy sources are economically comparable with conventional coal, oil, natural gas. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_parity |
Mains electricity | Mains electricity acts as the primary electrical power supplied to homes and companies through a system of power lines, providing a reliable source of energy for various appliances. It generally operates at a voltage of around 120V or 230V, based on the nation, and is transmitted through AC power. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity |
Balance of system | Balance of system (BOS) includes all elements of a solar power system except the photovoltaic panels, such as inverters, racking, wiring, and additional electrical hardware. It is crucial for guaranteeing the optimum and dependable operation of a solar energy installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_of_system |
Solar energy | The sun's power is captured from the sun's rays using solar cells to convert electricity or through solar heating systems to produce heat. It represents a renewable, eco-friendly, and eco-conscious power supply that limits the use of fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy |
Applications of photovoltaics | Photovoltaics are commonly employed in domestic, business, and manufacturing sites to produce clean, eco-friendly electricity from sunlight. They also supply remote and off-grid locations, providing green energy solutions where conventional power grids are not accessible. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applications_of_photovoltaics |
List of solar-powered products | A collection of solar energy items features a variety of devices that harness sunlight to generate energy, supporting environmentally friendly and sustainable living. These products include covering solar chargers and lights to household devices and outdoor tools, delivering multi-purpose alternatives for power needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_solar-powered_products |
Photovoltaic power station | A solar power plant is a plant that transforms sunlight directly into electricity using photovoltaic panels. It is a sustainable energy source that helps reduce reliance on fossil fuels and limits greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_station |
Solar hybrid power systems | Solar hybrid power systems combine solar panels with other energy sources, such as wind or diesel generators, to ensure a reliable and efficient power supply. They maximize energy use by balancing renewable resources and backup options, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and cutting overall emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_hybrid_power_systems |
Concentrated photovoltaics | Concentrated photovoltaics utilize optical lenses and mirrors focusing sunlight on highly efficient photovoltaic cells, considerably boosting power output using a smaller area. This technology works well where intense, direct sunlight and offers an innovative way to cut expenses related to solar energy. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_photovoltaics |